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Objective To observe the effect of combined treatment with rhTRAIL(recombinant human TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand) and selective Cox-2 inhibitor Celecoxib on gallbladder carcinoma in vitro and to explore the possible mechanism of the effect. Methods Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of c-FLIP and death receptors after treatment by Celecoxib. Apoptosis of gallbladder cell line SGC-996 after the combined treatment with Celecoxib and rhTRAIL was detected in three ways: (1) phase microscopy of the cells, (2) detection of effector caspase-3 and caspase-7 activity, and (3) determination of the proportion of apoptotic cells labeled by Annexin V-PI flow cytometric analysis using CELLQUEST software. Results Celecoxib down-regulated the expression of c-FLIPs and up-regulated the expression of DR5 in a dose- and time-dependent mode on cell line SGC-996. Apoptotic levels in the combined treatment group in cell line SGC-996 were significantly higher than those in the single drug treatment group and control group. Conclusion Celecoxib markedly sensitized rhTRAIL-induced apoptosis through the down-regulation of c-FLIPs and up-regulation of DR5 in gallbladder carcinoma cell line SGC-996.
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Objective To investigate the relationship between thyroid nodules with calcification and thyroid carcinoma and its significance in the screening of thyroid carcinoma in high risk group.Methods The clinical data of 1771 patient undergoing surgery for thyroid nodules from March, 2006 to March, 2009 in Huashan Hospital, Fudan University were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among 1771 patients, 500 were finally identified as having malignant tumors. Incidence of calcification in thyroid carcinoma was 68. 4%, and that in benign thyroid nodules was 27.0% ( χ2 = 259. 5, P ＜ 0. 05 ). The specificity of microcalcification for the diagnosis of carcinoma was 89. 4%, and its positive predictive value was 66. 3% ( χ2 = 368.6, P ＜ 0. 01 ). The incidence of thyroid carcinoma in patients ＜ 45 years was 39.2%, while that in patients ≥ 45 years was 22.9% ( χ2 = 51.12, P ＜ 0. 05 ). The incidence of carcinoma in patients of single thyroid nodule was 31.7% and that in those with multiple nodules was 26. 4% (χ2 =4. 766,P ＜ 0. 05). Metastasis was pathologically diagnosed in 26. 8% of lymph nodes found by preoperative ultrasonography. Conclusions The specificity of thyroid nodule calcification, especially microcalcification is high for the diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma. High-risk index for carcinoma includes thyroid nodules with microcalcification, ＜ 45 years old and single thyroid nodule.
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Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-specific effects on vascular endothelial cells,by promoting endothelial cell proliferation,increased vascular permeability,to induce tumor angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in tumor development has played key role.Studies have shown,VEGF and its receptor expression and the incidence of thyroid cancer,lymph node metastasis,prognosis,inhibition of VEGF and its receptor expression in anaplastic thyroid cancer and medullary cancer treatment in a certain application.
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MicroRNA(miRNA) is a kind of small non-coding RNA which contents 18-25 nucleotide (nt). MiRNA plays an important role in human tumor of digestive system. Recently lots of research demonstrates that miRNA can act either as oncogenes or as tumor suppressor genes or sometimes as both. And many families of miRNAs'targets have been found. So the study of miRNA will supply a new way to the diagnosis and therapy of digestive diseases.
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Teaching in out-patient clinic is a new and unique teaching mode,which is characteristic of one-to-one tutoring experiences.Students are put in the key positions while mentors serve as assistants in the whole process.By means of repeated practicing,summing-ups and perceiving,students improve their ability to combine theory with practice,enhance capabilities of communication,enrich their social experience and increase their talent of independent working.Meanwhile,further trainings may endow our medical students with better abilities of summarization.Through practice,teaching clinic has been proved to be a reasonable teaching mode which deserves promotion.
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OBJECTIVE: To establish a rapid and precise detective method of 33.5 kd vesicular protein and to screen an effective treatment of cholelithiasis. METHODS: Specific antibody of the biliary vesicular protein was obtained by immunizing rabbits and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit was developed. The concentrations of 33.5 kd vesicular protein in serum and bile of gallstone patients and control were examined respectively. The effects of Cholagogue Dry Syrup and Eulektrol Capsule on decreasing 33.5 kd vesicular protein were also studied by ELISA kit. RESULTS: One-step ELISA equation was Y=0.035 X (r=0.99). The vesicular protein concentrations in serum and bile of cholesterol gallstone group [(179.8+/-97.9) mg/L and (213.4+/-70.1) mg/L respectively] were significantly (P<0.05) higher than in the pigment stone group and control. Data showed that, with 2-week administration, Cholagogue Dry Syrup significantly decreased both biliary and serum 33.5 kd vesicular protein of cholesterol gallstone patients, while Eulekrol Capsule and control groups didn't have the same results. CONCLUSION: The concentrations of 33.5 kd protein are different in cholesterol gallstone patients and healthy groups which might be related to cholesterol nucleation process. Cholagogue Dry Syrup is of cholagogic and litholytic effect by decreasing biliary lithogenesis.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the pro-nucleating activity in 33.5 x 10(3) vesicular protein.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The model biles were established according Kibe and Zhu. The pro-nucleating activity of 33.5 x 10(3) vesicular protein were examined by polarized light microscopy. The protein and its enzymatic deglycosylation and proteolysis fractions nucleation promoting activity were detected by cholesterol crystal growth assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>33.5 x 10(3) vesicular protein displayed apparent potency of pro-nucleation with activity of 0.310, and derived crystal growth curve indices It, Ig, Ic were presented as 0.57, 1.52, 1.63 respectively, but after treated by N-glycanase enzyme and pronase, no promoting activity were found.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The 33.5 x 10(3) vesicular protein may be involved in the nucleation process of gallstone formation, which is regulated by its peptide and sugar chain.</p>
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Humans , Bile , Metabolism , Cholelithiasis , Cholesterol , Metabolism , Macromolecular Substances , Microscopy , Models, Biological , Protein Transport , Proteins , MetabolismABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ELISA kit for cholesterol gallstone. Methods The ELISA kit of 33?500 vesicular protein was established by sandwich method, and the concentrations of the protein in gallbladder bile were examined among cholesterol, pigmental gallstone patients and control groups. Results The gallbladder 33?500 vesicular protein (213?70) ?g/ml is much higher in cholesterol gallstone patients than in pigmental gallstone patients (72?55) ?g/ml and control groups (65?52) ?g/ml (F=60.9, P
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Objective To explore the protective effect of treatment of somatostatin combined with growth hormone on brain injury in early severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)rats, and to investigate the relationship between brain injury and ratio of endothelin 1(ET 1) /nitric oxide(NO). Methods SAP model was established by retrograde pancreatic bile duct injection of 3.5% sodium taurocholate at a dose of 2.5 ml/kg in rats. Eighty SAP rats were equally divided into SAP group, somatostatin (S) group (introvenous injection of somatostatin at a dose of 42 ?g/kg once a day for 2 days), somatotropin (G) group (subcutaneous injection of somatotropin at a dose of 0.5 ?g/kg once a day for 2 days) and S+G group. Twenty normal rats were used as controls. The changes of encephaledema and blood brain barrier permeability were measured by dry wet method and Evan′s blue staining, respectively. Apoptosis of brain cells was detected by TUNEL method, and the ratio of serum ET 1/NO was also determined. Results The ratio of serum ET 1/NO was remarkably increased in SAP rats, which was correlated with the intensity of brain edema, permeability of blood brain barrier and apoptosis of brain cells. The treatment of somatostatin combined with growth hormone reduced the ratio of ET 1/NO and thus decreased the intensity of encephaledema, the permeability of blood brain barrier and apoptosis of brain cells. The changes of the brain slow wave were found simultaneously by electroencephalography in SAP rats after the therapy. Conclusions The treatment of somatostatin combined with growth hormone in SAP rats can inhibit serum ET 1/NO, prevent the development of brain edema, decrease the permeability of blood brain barrier, and alleviate the brain cells apoptosis. All these result in the relief of the brain injury.